An investigation of the glucose concentration of the cell sap in potato

An investigation of the glucose ducking of the booth sap in white potato prison prison cellsIn this prove I intend to ask the effects of osmosis onpotato cells. Specifically, I intend to use my knowledge of osmosis toinvestigate the glucose concentration of the cell sap in potato cells.Osmosis is a system by which urine levels on either side of a semipermeable membrane may balance themselves. It occurs between regionsof high water concentration and low water concentration. As it is aspecial method of diffusion exclusive to water, it also allows depraveand concentrated solutions to balance their strengths. It does this bypreventing large non-water particles from departure through thesemi-permeable membrane due to their size, in order that the waterlevels on either side may equate, regardless of the solutions othercontents.Osmosis is passive, that is to say it does not fill energy in orderto be performed. This is because it occurs solely between regions ofhigh and low wat er concentration.The heed and speed of osmosis depends on the two solutionsosmotic electromotive force. This is the touchstone of the pressure by which thewater molecules of a solution diffuse across a semi-permeablemembrane. A solutions potential is defined by its concentration. Themore soluble a solution has in it, the lower its water concentrationand the lower its osmotic potential. In the example to a lower place sugarmolecules represent the soluble.Cell sap is contained in the vacuole of a cell and is a part glucose,part water solution. The membrane of the cell acts as a semi-permeablemembrane across which osmosis occurs (see at a lower place). In the case ofosmosis into and extinct of the vacuole, it occurs across two membranes -the plasmalemma and the tonoplast. When osmosis occurs, water mayenter or leave the vacuole according to the concentration of thesubstances within and outside the potato cell. In the example below wesee what would happen if a plant cell were sur rounded by minute water.As pure water has the highest water concentration possible, osmosiswill ever occur into the cell vacuole, which by definitioncontains a solution lower water concentration.The plant cell will take in as lots water as is needed to makethe water levels on either side of the membrane equal. As the glucosemolecules cannot pass out of the cell to equate the water levels, thevolume of cell sa... ...order to mother awider and more precise base of evidence.There is scope for kick upstairs investigation of the topic in order toobtain further evidence and draw a more accurate conclusion. Forexample, now the concentration of potato cell sap has been identifiedat about 15%, a smaller range of solution strengths could be used inan otherwise identical experiment 5 solutions of 10% and 20%concentration for example. Alternatively, investigations could beconducted into the effects of osmosis on polar vegetables or morewidely plants in general. For further information on the potato, thesame experiment could be conducted using samples from different partsof the plant. This would establish whether different areas of a planthave differing levels of sucrose in their cell sap. each of thesesuggestions would both help to support my conclusion and keep up theinvestigation in general further.Bibliography- GCSE Biology D. G. Mackean- Biology for You Gareth Williams- The Times GCSE Revision Guides - Biology PC CD ROM- Hutchinsons Multimedia Encyclopaedia PC CD ROM- www.britannica.com- www.bbc.co.uk/education- www.homeworkhigh.com/science- www.learn.co.uk An investigation of the glucose concentration of the cell sap in potatoAn investigation of the glucose concentration of the cell sap in potato cellsIn this experiment I intend to investigate the effects of osmosis onpotato cells. Specifically, I intend to use my knowledge of osmosis toinvestigate the glucose concentration of the cell sap in potato cells.Osmosis is a method by whi ch water levels on either side of a semipermeable membrane may balance themselves. It occurs between regionsof high water concentration and low water concentration. As it is aspecial method of diffusion exclusive to water, it also allows diluteand concentrated solutions to balance their strengths. It does this bypreventing large non-water particles from passing through thesemi-permeable membrane due to their size, in order that the waterlevels on either side may equate, regardless of the solutions othercontents.Osmosis is passive, that is to say it does not require energy in orderto be performed. This is because it occurs solely between regions ofhigh and low water concentration.The direction and speed of osmosis depends on the two solutionsosmotic potential. This is the measure of the pressure by which thewater molecules of a solution diffuse across a semi-permeablemembrane. A solutions potential is defined by its concentration. Themore soluble a solution has in it, the lower its w ater concentrationand the lower its osmotic potential. In the example below sugarmolecules represent the soluble.Cell sap is contained in the vacuole of a cell and is a part glucose,part water solution. The membrane of the cell acts as a semi-permeablemembrane across which osmosis occurs (see below). In the case ofosmosis into and out of the vacuole, it occurs across two membranes -the plasmalemma and the tonoplast. When osmosis occurs, water mayenter or leave the vacuole according to the concentration of thesubstances inside and outside the potato cell. In the example below wesee what would happen if a plant cell were surrounded by pure water.As pure water has the highest water concentration possible, osmosiswill invariably occur into the cell vacuole, which by definitioncontains a solution lower water concentration.The plant cell will take in as much water as is needed to makethe water levels on either side of the membrane equal. As the glucosemolecules cannot pass out of the cell to equate the water levels, thevolume of cell sa... ...order to obtain awider and more precise base of evidence.There is scope for further investigation of the topic in order toobtain further evidence and draw a more accurate conclusion. Forexample, now the concentration of potato cell sap has been identifiedat about 15%, a smaller range of solution strengths could be used inan otherwise identical experiment 5 solutions of 10% and 20%concentration for example. Alternatively, investigations could beconducted into the effects of osmosis on different vegetables or morewidely plants in general. For further information on the potato, thesame experiment could be conducted using samples from different partsof the plant. This would establish whether different areas of a planthave differing levels of sucrose in their cell sap. Any of thesesuggestions would both help to support my conclusion and extend theinvestigation in general further.Bibliography- GCSE Biology D. G. Mackean- Biology for You Gareth Williams- The Times GCSE Revision Guides - Biology PC CD ROM- Hutchinsons Multimedia Encyclopaedia PC CD ROM- www.britannica.com- www.bbc.co.uk/education- www.homeworkhigh.com/science- www.learn.co.uk

Internet Taxation Essay -- Taxing Internet Web Essays

Internet TaxationShould states and topical anaesthetic governments be able to impose internet tax on individuals and corporations? peradventure they should not, but they are. There are currently twelve states and the district of Colombia that currently impose sales tax on internet access. There are as well 10 states that presently collect taxes on data downloads. Who pays for these taxes? And how is this tax computed? Is in that respect truly justification for this taxation or is it just another way for federal, states, and local governments to collect potentially huge tax revenues? And what effects will these taxes feel on the internet? Would taxing the internet kill the industry? In all case, individuals should educate themselves about internet taxation. There are three primary types of internet taxes taxes on internet access, Sales and use tax, taxation on data and other non-tangible goods obtained from the internet (http//by4fd.bay4.hotmail.msn.com).One type of intern et tax is the Internet access tax. These are taxes enforced on individuals or corporations for use internet access. Currently, there are 10 states which charge for internet access. These taxes are sometimes undetected by the customer because the tax is already embedded in the information or data processing services fee or the telecommunication services fee that is already being paid. So it is likely that firms or individuals dont even realize they are gainful this internet tax. If the internet tax is not already imbedded in these fees it would mean that the firm or individual would have to pay additional fees to access the internet. In many situations the imposed taxes are paid for by the internet service provider. For the states that are not currently paying taxes f... ...ack and watch internet retailers take advantage for so long. Though it seems fair to tax information and intangible goods, many internet customers are not pass to be willing to pay for these taxes in ad dition to having to deal with longer time period to access the internet. Usually when people pay more they carry something in exchange. So taxing information and intangible goods does not seem like a wise move to make, unless there is a way of fastness up the internet speed and/or making internet access faster. Customers are just not going to pay more for less.This assignment has make me aware of what internet taxation is and informed me about the major controversy over it. I now know that there are many states in the U.S. that charge customers internet taxes. And I feel fortunate to live in Arizona where we do not have to pay these taxes at this time

The Roots of Bilingual Education Essay -- American History Educating E

The Roots of bilingual Education A historical perspective on bilingual education is create verbally in the article bilingual Education Traces its U.S. Roots to the Colonial Era in the magazine Education Week. The author begins by writing, Bilingual education has been sort out of the immigrant experience in America since the Colonial periods, when native-language schooling was the rule rather than the exception (21). When immigrant groups settled in the United States they taught their children in their own languages, despite most attempts to impose English precept. Many do not believe it but bilingual education was started before 1800 when German, French, Scandanavian, Polish, Dutch and Italian schools were established. From 1839 to 1880 French was the medium of instruction in Louisiana and from 1848 Spanish was the medium of instruction in New Mexico. In 1880-1917 German-English schools were established in Cincinnati, Baltimore and Indianapolis. The article mentions, A res urgence of nativism in the new-fashioned 19th century- a backlash against the foreign born, led by such organizations as the Know-Nothing Party- marked the beginning of a decline for bilingual education (22). Bilingual education decreased significantly following World War I through the 1950s. This decrease was due in large part to the intense loyal mood of the country during this period. President Roosevelt told immigrants, There is no room in this country for hyphenated Americanism.. Any man who comes here must adopt the institutions of the United States, and , therefore, he must adopt the language which is now the native tongue of our people, no matter what the several strains in our blood may be. It would not be merely a misfortune, but a crime to p... ...eton Princeton U Press, 1986), 98-134 Fernandez, Ronald, The Disenchanted Island, (Praeger, Westport, Connecticut London) 1996 Figueroa-Martnez, Luis. ed. Hist. 247 Reader. (January 1998). Pagan, Arman do. Puerto Ricans in Hartford and the legacy of the Underclass. Undergraduate Senior Thesis submitted to the Department of History, threesome College, May 1999 Interviews from Park Street residents (5/5/99) Francisco Acevedo, Liz Perez-Balesky, Epifanio Garcia Interviews with Bilingual Education faculty at Hartford Public Highschool (5/6/99) Mrs. Aida Ramos (Vice-Principal), Ms. Clara Velez (Bilingual Math Teacher), Mrs. Irene Killian (TESOL), Ms. Zoraida Ortiz (Bilingual Science Teacher), and Ms. Nancy Harrison (TESOL/Bilingual Computer Lab Teacher).

The Role of the Narrator in Byrons Don Juan Essay examples -- Don Jua

The Role of the Narrator in Byrons Don Juan The vote counter of Don Juan takes the traditional role of omniscient cashier. He states the facts barely also adds in his in-person thoughts on the characters. From the beginning he lets the reader know that he is in search of a hero. He cannot find a hero in his modern-day time, therefore he will return to the hero who has stayed a hero through time. The hero is my friend Don Juan (5.8). There is no doubt that the storyteller feels a close relationship with the hero and the hero will be treated as casually as friend. He relates that the usual course for a poem is to start in the middle, that is the usual method, but not mine (7.1). He will start at the beginning and give opinionated views of Juans parents. like a shot the narrator establishes control, and therefore sets the tone of the poem. He lets the reader know that Juans parental skills are lacking (according to him) and if he was Juans parent he would do things differently. Of young Juans mischievousness, if they been but both in their senses, theyd have the young master To school, or had him soundly whippd at home, To teach him manners for the time to come (25.5-8) Certainly this establishes his authority. As the reader, we insufficiency to believe him. Obviously (to the reader) Juans parents are negligent in their duties and the reader sees herself agreeing that she too would do the same. He guides us to be prejudiced to Juans parents and this trust develops between narrator and reader that carries throughout the poem. Of course the narrator like any instigator will deny their input. A particularly amusing part of the poem is where the narrator in self-parody tells us For my part I say nothing--nothing--but This I will... ...rity over the hero. The narrator alone has the power to keep Don Juan alive. In addition, the narrator is rightfully the personality of the poem. We are told Don Juans actions, but is the narrator that flavors it. It is interest ing that Lord Byron decided to include the narrator so prominently but definitely to the poems advantage. workings CitedBostetter, Edward E., Twentieth Century Interpretations of Don Juan. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 1969. Boyd, Elizabeth French, Byrons Don Juan A Critical Study. NY Humanities Press, 1958. Byron (George Gordon, Lord Byron), Don Juan, ed. Leslie A. Marchand. Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1958. McGann, Jerome J., Don Juan in Context. Chicago U of Chicago Press, 1976. Steffan, Truman Guy, & Willis W. Pratt, eds., Byrons Don Juan A Variorum Edition. 2nd ed.. 4 vols.. Austin U of Texas Press, 1971.

Gun Control Essay examples -- Argumentative Firearms Essays Papers Wea

Gun overlookGun entertain is an issue that m whatever are approach with daily. Parents are concerned about the respectablety of their children more now than before. Some want hero sandwich keep and some do not. I am against shooter control because I believe if properly educated about a gun, anyone can use it to a certain extent.I know gun control laws would help cut back on the store robberies, bank robberies, gang shootings, etc. Gun laws that restrict the sale of handguns would help keep handguns out of criminals hands. I understand the beliefs of some who feel that by banning guns the streets and communities would be a much safer place.Gun control laws are not the cure-all for all of indian lodges problems. Yes, they would cut back on many crimes, but they will not completely cure all of them. People who are for gun control commonly base their decision on myths. Here are just a few of the many myths about gun controlGun manipulate Saves LivesGuns Should be Banned Beca use They Kill Thousands of People Each YearGun Control Reduces Crime Above are just three of the many myths of gun control. Lets take a closer look at each one of these. Gun Control Saves Lives The truth is gun control be lives, as evidenced by cities which enforce near total bans on firearms ownership. Thats because criminals dont obey gun control or any other kind of laws. This means that citizens who do are effectively rendered defenseless. (Saves Lives)How can a waiting period help an innocent person that is being pedunculate or threatened? Does prohibiting a person from carrying a gun keep them safe from rapists or attackers? How do any of the gun control laws keep you safe? Which one would save your life if you were being attacked ri... ...ral to the Gun Control Movement. Educational. 5 March 2001 http//spot.colorado.edu/tiemann/guns.html Dr. Tim Wheeler Interview. Online Posting of Interview. 5 March 2001 http//www.guntruths.com/Resource/dr_tim_wheeler_inter view.htm Gun Control Saves Lives. Online Posting. 5 March 2001 http//www.guntruths.com/Myths/gun_control_saves_lives_the_trut.htmGuns Kill Thousands Every Year. Online Posting. 5 March 2001 http//www.guntruths.com/Myths/50,000.htmMadden, Russell. The Myth of Gun Violence. The Laissez Faire City Times, Vol. 4, No 9, February 28, 2000. Polsby, Daniel D., and Dennis Brennen. Taking Aim at Gun Control. The Heartland give Web page. 5 March 2001 http//teapot.usask.ca/cdn-firearms/Polsby/gcsumm.html Ten Myths about Gun Control. Homepage. 5 March 2001 http//www.arachne-web.com/shooting/10myths.htm

Gun Control Essay examples -- Argumentative Firearms Essays Papers Wea

wedge hearGun control is an issue that many are faced with daily. Parents are concerned nearly the safety of their children more straightway than before. Some want weapon control and some do not. I am against gun control because I believe if properly educated about a gun, anyone can use it to a certain extent.I know gun control laws would help cut back on the store robberies, intrust robberies, gang shootings, etc. Gun laws that restrict the sale of handguns would help keep handguns out of criminals hands. I understand the beliefs of some who feel that by banning guns the streets and communities would be a much safer place.Gun control laws are not the cure-all for all of societys problems. Yes, they would cut back on many crimes, only if they will not completely cure all of them. People who are for gun control commonly base their decision on myths. Here are just a few of the many myths about gun controlGun Control Saves LivesGuns Should be Banned Because They Kill Thousan ds of People Each familyGun Control Reduces Crime Above are just three of the many myths of gun control. Lets take a closer tone of voice at each one of these. Gun Control Saves Lives The truth is gun control costs lives, as evidenced by cities which enforce near wide-cut bans on firearms ownership. Thats because criminals dont obey gun control or any other kind of laws. This means that citizens who do are efficaciously rendered defenseless. (Saves Lives)How can a waiting period help an innocent person that is being stalked or threatened? Does prohibiting a person from carrying a gun keep them safe from rapists or attackers? How do any of the gun control laws keep you safe? Which one would save your life if you were being attacked ri... ...ral to the Gun Control Movement. Educational. 5 bump into 2001 http//spot.colorado.edu/tiemann/guns.html Dr. Tim Wheeler Interview. Online Posting of Interview. 5 March 2001 http//www.guntruths.com/Resource/dr_tim_wheeler_inte rview.htm Gun Control Saves Lives. Online Posting. 5 March 2001 http//www.guntruths.com/Myths/gun_control_saves_lives_the_trut.htmGuns Kill Thousands Every Year. Online Posting. 5 March 2001 http//www.guntruths.com/Myths/50,000.htmMadden, Russell. The Myth of Gun Violence. The Laissez Faire City Times, Vol. 4, No 9, February 28, 2000. Polsby, Daniel D., and Dennis Brennen. Taking Aim at Gun Control. The Heartland Institute Web page. 5 March 2001 http//teapot.usask.ca/cdn-firearms/Polsby/gcsumm.html Ten Myths about Gun Control. Homepage. 5 March 2001 http//www.arachne-web.com/shooting/10myths.htm

Abraham Lincoln: Civil War Essay

SUMMARYIt is true that president Lincoln felt deep grief over the loss of thousands of marrow soldiers in a battle against the Confederacy in order to turn the tides of fight and keep the Confederate soldiers from encroaching on Union soil. The deaths of the soldiers was not in vain the fight of Gettysburg had been a pivotal point in the Civil War and rekindled some hope in Union. However, the grieving families and surviving soldiers felt none of this bolstered morale and so the president not only aimed at addressing the tragic loss of the soldiers, but also remind the families and others in the Union that they had lost their lives for a greater good. He tells the citizens that they are not fighting solely to preserve the Union, but also to unite the body politic and allow for greater immunity throughout the country. As a result of Lincolns passionate final words and his declaration of the preservation of democracy in the country, the grieving families and disheartened common me n were rejuvenated and rallied layabout this new ca utilise.The tone of this speech was prideful and convicted. Abraham Lincoln describes the soldiers as brave and that they confine honored the land their bodies had been strewn upon far more than the men who dug their sculpture and create a peopleal cemetery had. His pride in his men is most evident when he states that they must dedicate their time to finishing the war the soldiers had so nobly advanced. He also shows a sense of conviction, and tries to persuade the audience that it is imperative they win the war so that these dead shall not shake up died in vain and that they ensure that this nation, under God, shall have a new yield of freedom. He is trying to convince his audience that the only behavior to ensure democracy does not perish is to win the Civil War and reunite the nation. Lincoln is referring to the birth of their nation and describes the way the nation came to be the popular place it is as almost akin to chi ldbirth. He says that liberty is the nations mother and the fathers are those who had written the Constitution.The effect of this idea of the nation macrocosm almost child-like and alive reminds them that America was still infantile compared to European countries, like England and France, and that it was still growing and strikeing. The Civil War was just another minor, albeit important, event to learn from and use to make their country stronger when the Union and the Confederacy finally merged as one again. Before Lincoln delivered his Gettysburg address, the man before him had disclosen a two-and-a-half long speech. Lincolns succinct speech allowed him to illustrate his feelings about the war and the deaths of the soldiers concisely he was able to hold the audiences forethought and come off as sympathetic, as opposed to pretentious, as the man before him had with his rambling ode. Lincolns 82 word last sentence, comparatively longer next to the other simpler sentences, summari zed his feelings on the war and the necessary action the Union must take.He called for action and held the audience accountable for ensuring the new birth of freedom. The length of the sentence allowed for a build-up of emotion that climaxed at his last, most famous declaration that they create a government of the people, by the people, for the people. Two examples of tell diction were his usage of the wordsconsecrated in the second paragraph and devotion in the third. His repetition of the word consecrated, synonymous with the word honored, reminds the audience that the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the Union were to be held in the highest regard and that they were heroes to emulate in both manner and thought. Lincoln is telling the audience indirectly that to fight and die for ones country is a noble thing, not something to grieve over and the intended effect is to set a fire in their hearts and convince them that go on in the war, despite the losses, is necessary.The repetition of the word devotion also illustrate Lincolns point of the soldiers being heroes for their sacrifice to the country, and that those in the audience should train to work to make sure the devotion the soldiers had for their country was not in vain. It should be the desire of the entire Union to act as the deceased soldiers had and give their all for America. Two examples of parallelism are when Lincoln says of the people, by the people, for the people and from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last adequate measure of devotion. His repetition of a government completely revolving around the citizens arouses a sense of importance in the role the American people have in their country and makes them aspire to achieve the objectives Lincoln has given in order to gain this kind of control over their government. The contrast Lincoln draws in the second example of parallelism portrays the audience as only benefiting from the sacri fice the soldiers had made and the soldiers as noble heroes who only gave all they had to protect the Union.This gives the audience a sense of guilt and a desire to protect their country and serve it just as the brave, deceased soldiers had. One example of Lincolns use of juxtaposition and antithesis is in his line for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. The contrasts between the real and the abstract, immortality and mortality and life and death are all made in this one phrase. The death of a human being is a harsh reality that people can see and recognize, but the death of a nation is more abstract and is personification, not truth. A nation is immortal because it is not in truth alive in an organic sense, and therefore it can not truly die as a human being can. Lastly, a contrast is drawn between the word lives, which has a positive connotation, and the phrase gave their lives, which has a controvert connotation. The effect of the juxtaposition and anti thesisreinforces Lincolns idea of the nation as being something alive and real, as a human being, and that it is important to protect the nation so it can continue its life, unlike those who chose to die in order to save it, and democracy, from destruction.The purpose of the word But in the second paragraph rhetorically is that Lincoln is informing his audience that he is going to be speaking about a greater subject not just the loss of a few men, but what the loss of those men, and their sacrifice, meant to the Union as a whole. One example of ethos in his speech is when he speaks of the framers of the Constitution and how they were also dedicated to gaining freedom and liberty for America. One example of pathos is when he says the world result little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. This is an example of pathos because it is drawing on the emotions of the audience, which was comprised mostly of the family of the dead soldiers, a nd makes it clear that their sacrifice was a great one for the nation one that will never be forgotten.One example of logos when Lincoln states that it is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated hereto the unfinished work which they who fought here have and so far so nobly advanced. This is logos because it appeals the the logical sense of the audience because it convinces them that if people were so dedicated to this war, that it is only reasonable to finish it, since to fail to do so would mean that the soldiers died in vain and democracy would be destroyed.

Handwashing Study Essay

The draws are the most used body organ and are expose to pathogens at a higher level than any other part of our body. For humans to maintain a state of good health, we have to reduce the contagious disease to these pathogens. One proven method acting to interrupt the transmission is by maintaining hand hygienics. The objective of this integrative review was to examine the relationship amongst hand washables and incidence of health care associated infections (HCAIs) in health care settings and provide evidence based recommendations for the future directions for health care providers to prevent infections.Importance of maintaining hand hygienicsEvidence to support the importance of hand hygiene in infection prevention dates back to the early 1800s with Ignaz Semmelweis. The significance of limiting the spread of infections has been forceful from the days of Florence Nightingale. HCAIs acquired during hospital stays might affect up to 10% of patient roles in the USA. The World hea lth Organization (WHO) published national signposts for hand hygiene in healthcare to increase patient safety and limit the spread/exposure to organisms. Medical personnel frequently skip hand washing between patients either because they were not near a sink or they just didnt have the time. Compliance for hand hygiene by all healthcare workers on average is 50%. Literature reviewI reviewed five journals on hand washing. Makie et al. (2013) identifies 4 primary objectives to prevent infection that all neediness to be used in parallel (1) hand washing (2) protective barriers (3) decontamination of the environment, items and equipment used for patients and (4) antibiotic surveillance. One used with the other three will impersonate your patient at risk for exposure. Despite an extensive amount of research/data and evidence supporting these interpositions, healthcare workers translation into their insouciant practice is lacking. The generator promotes compliance and consistency of these objectives to control the spread of infections within their healthcare environment. According to Hiremath et al. (2012), hand washing is one of the most effective means of preventing infections. The author feels its a personal vaccine. To foster support of the hand washing initiative on a global level we must raise sentience of its importance. People need tobe educated and understand the risk of not washing their hand, when to wash their hand (after toilet use, diaper changes, food handling, or visibly soiled) and how others can become exposed to organisms.They also need to understand the proper technique. Beggs, Sheperd et al. (2008), study used the Ross-Mac simulateald model to apply hypothetical data to a medical exam ward. This model simulated the transmission of staphylococcal infection by contact from colonized hands of heath care workers. The aim was to evaluate the impact of imperfect tense hand hygiene on infection. The study concluded that hand hygiene was an eff ective control measure, but little benefit was found for high levels of hand washing (50% norm). 40% compliance was found to be enough to prevent an outbreak. Borges, Rocha et al. (2012), provides recommendations on improving hygiene inside the hospitals by promoting routine observation and feedback to healthcare workers. They promote implementation of a campaign (1) repeated monitoring of compliance, (2) performance competency, (3) education, (4) visual cues and compliance feedback. These procedures by hospital will have been highly embody effect/justified. Inamulhaq & Haq (2012) observed hand washing among medical and paramedical professional in clinics. These authors also felt that hand washing was valued as an intervention to prevent infection but was often skipped. They promote staff education/training and soap dispensing tools/washing station insertion. They also suggested that senior team appendage set an example for all staff on proper techniques.I feel that the articles by Borges et al. (2012) and Makic et al. (2013) well support hand washing initiatives weve found in research to be effective when implemented. As clinicians we find ourselves asking the 5 Ws when we are faced with evidence that will drive our daily practice. They pull together the WHAT hand washing it, WHY we do it, WHEN and WHERE it should be done and by WHOM. The other four articles also support the findings but dont have the complete package with all the elements need to support clinical compliance.The article Borges et al. (2012) had the best research design of all five. It was a duodecimal research study with meta-analysis synthesis over a 12 month period. It has well-defined hypotheses that the 2 observers were awareprior to the start of the data collection period. The method of data collection was observation only. The sample size was large enough (52 sessions and 119 opportunities) to provide statistical significant data for an effective conclusion to be made.As I compare the se five articles with the national guidelines review they all have the same element that hand washing is essential to the reduction of infection. The national guideline encouraged cleaning of patient environments, health care education, cueing for compliance, competency monitoring and documentation surrounding staff training. ConclusionEvidence-based nursing practice is essential to the pitching of high-quality care that optimizes patients outcomes. Hand hygiene is one self-care practice that can go a long way in keeping many ailments at alcove for both the healthcare worker and the patient. Healthcare workers should work relentlessly in promoting the self-care practices, holding their peers accountable if they arent compliant and hardwiring this practice into daily operations. This is a saucer-eyed task that has some many benefits. As me move forward with federal reimbursement, healthcare organizations will see a decline in their reimbursement for care if patient get infections while hospitalized. So it all starts with us as healthcare workers to break the mode and start setting a good example by adhering to these simple hygienic practices of hand washing.ReferencesBeggs, C.B, Sheperd, S. Kerr, K (2008). Increasing the frequency of hand washing by healthcare workers does not lead to commensurate reductions in staphylococcal infection in hospital ward. BMC Infectious Diseases 8(114) Hiremath RN, Kotwal A, Kunte R, Hiremath SV, Venkatesh (2012). Hand Washing with Soap The Most Effective Do-It-Yourself Vaccine? Natl J Community Med 3(3)551-4 Lizandra Ferreira de Almeida e Borges, Lilian Alves Rocha, mare Jose Nunes & Paulo Pino Gontijo Filho. (2012). Low Compliance to Handwashing Program and High Nosocomial Infection in a Brazilian Hospital. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Disease Article 579781, 5 pages Makic RN, Martin, RN, Burns, RRT, Philbrick, RN & Rauen, RN (2013).Putting Evidence Into Nursing Practice Four Traditional Practices Not Suppor ted by Evidence. Critical Care Nurse 33(2)28-43 Mirza Inamulhaq, Azis S.A., Haq S.M. (2012). character reference of Hand Washing in Prevention of Communicable Diseases and Practices Adopted in Private Clinics. Canadian Journal of Applied Sciences 2(1) 196-201

My favourite book

These picturesque geographical features boundaries delineat a low lying plain of rough 47,570 sq. km. criss-crossed by innumer suitable brooks, rivulets and streams and rivers exchangeable the PadmaGanges,the Megna,the Karnaphuli. Description Physiography is the science which treats the Earths exterior physical features, climate, intent and the physical movements or changes on the Earths surface, such as the currents of the atmosphere and ocean, the secular variations in heat, moisture,magnetism, i. e. physical geography. Sunderban is the most preciouse and wealthy area tor Bangladesn. nerban suituated in Khulna Division and its gives protection to Bangladesh from come forwardside enemies. There lives lot of different kinds of animals and these animals make our Sunderban beautiful and welthy. Mammals are a clade of endothermal amniotes. Among the features that distinguish them from the other amniotes, the reptiles and the birds, are hair, three middle ear bones, mammary gland s infemales, and a neocortex (a region of the brain). The mammalian brain regulates tree trunk temperature and the circulatory system, including the four- chambered heart.The mammals include the largest animals on the planet, the rorqual whales, as well as some of the most intelligent, such as elephants, some primates and some cetaceans. The basic body type is a four-legged land-borne animal, tho some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in the trees, or on two legs. The largest group of mammals, the placentals, adopt a placenta which feeds the offspring during pregnancy. Mammals range in sizing from the 30-40 mm (1. 2-1. 6 in) bumblebee bat to the 33-meter (108 ft) blue whale.Birds (class Aves or clade Avialae) are fea thered, winged, bipedal, endothermic warm-blooded), egg- redacting, craniate animals. With around 10,000 living species, they are the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. all(prenominal) present species belong to the subclass Neornithes, and inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from the 5 cm (2 in) Bee Hummingbird to the 2. 75 m (9 ft) Ostrich. The fossil record indicates that birds emerged within theropod dinosaurs during the Jurassic period, around 150 million years ago.Birds are the notwithstanding members of the clade originating with the earliest dinosaurs to rescue urvived the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago. Modern birds are characterised by feathers, a beak with no teeth, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton. All living species of birds have wings the most late species with pop wings was the moa, which is generally considered to have become extinct in the 16th century. Wings are evolved forelimbs, and most bird species backside fly.Flightless birds include ratites, penguins, and a number of diverse autochthonic island species. Some pecies o f birds, particularly penguins and members of the Anatidae family, are adapted to swim. Birds withal have unique digestive and respiratory systems that are highly adapted for flight. Some birds, specially corvids and parrots, are among the most intelligent animal species a number of bird species have been observed manufacturing and using tools, and many a(prenominal) social species exhibit cultural transmittance of k this instantledge across generations.Some marine reptiles, such as ichthyosaurs and mosasaurs, rarely ventured onto land and gave birth in the water. Others, such as sea turtles and saltwater crocodiles, eturn to shore to lay their eggs. Some marine reptiles also occasionally rest and bask on land. Tigers in Bangladesh are now relegated to the forests of the Sundarbans and the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The Chittagong forest is contiguous with tiger home ground in India and Myanmar, but the tiger population is ot unknown status.In another study, home ranges of adult f emale tigers were recorded comprising between 12 and 14 km2 (4. 6 and 5. 4 sq mi). , which would indicate an approximate carrying capacity of 150 adult females. The small home range of adult female tigers (and consequent high density f tigers) in this habitat type relative to other areas may be related to both the high density of prey and the small size of the Sundarbans tigers. Present specialize Of Bangladesh In present time Bangladesh environmental situation is in big risk.Lot of disaster were happened in past and present time also running. our animals are also in big risk due to mickle are destroying trees and lands for making dewellings and mutistoried commercial complexes. For these reasons our animals are losing their foods and living places for survive. How Can We Protect Our Wild Life To render our wild life we have to take lot of steps to and to take care of them and we have to deocrate our environment to make survival of our wilf life.My Favourite BookFor years, teac hers and parents have been worried about comics, the cinema, television, and now the Internet. They all stop children reading, they say. However, it now seems that children are reading more than ever. Reading habits have changed, because there is now lots of contender from other media, but I speak up that reading is still popular. The reading is very important for me because book is cognitive. When I read a book I recognize something interesting, I watch to know new hero and heroine. I like to read classical literature.It is my dream to become a student of the discussion section of foreign languages and to be able to read the books by my favourite English and American writers in origin. What is my favourite book? This question is very interesting for me. present tense there are many different genres of literatures. And it is very difficult to chouse one of them. I read many different books. So in each book I ceaselessly envision thing, which I like very much. I like to read William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, Robert Burns, Oscar Wilde, Jerome K. Jerome, Charlotte Bronte, Mark Twain, Jack London, Conan Doyle, James Aldridge, Jules Verne, Lewis Carroll, etc.I want to tell you about the book, which I like very much. This book is gone(a) with the flap. The author of the book Gone with the Wind is Margaret Mitchell. She was born in capital of Georgia in 1900. All the family were interested in American hi drool and she grew up in an atmosphere of stories about the Civil War and of stories of staggering events of recent epoch, because her father was a moderate of local pastal society. War is one of the biggest misfortunes in the life of mess. Now lets revise some historic facts. Civil War began as the result of economy fight between northern and southern states.Northern states had preponderance about 20 million of people against of 10 million of people and efficacious industrial potential. But southern states had more talented generals and centered direction. after graduating from college Margaret Mitchell worked a little time for the Atlanta Journal. She wrote articles and stories for this journal. In 1925 she got married. In the future(a) ten years she put on paper all the stories she had heard about Civil War. The result was Gone with the Wind. It was first published in 1936. In 1939 it was made into a highly successful film.Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable played the leading roles. Vivien Leigh won the Oscar. Gone with the Wind is the story about Civil War. Margaret Mitchell tells about life of people at the time of this war and about all burdens, which people outlived these years. In the text we can find the description of soldiers live. There we can read how cried mothers and wives then they dispatched their children and husbands on the War. Gone with the Wind is also about a love triangle. While Scarlett loves the quiet human being Ashley Wilkes, the wild and decidedly unrefined Rhett Butler is in love with her.Ashley ma rried Melanie Hamilton. After many adventures of her own, Scarlett married Rhett but only for money. The marriage is stormly. That is why finally Rhett walks out on her, but by the time Scarlett has realized that she loves him after all. Scarlett thinks of some way of getting him back, but we never know if she does because Margaret Mitchell died in 1949 in a car crash. After reading this production I find that it is very expressive and logical because Margaret Mitchell was a good narrator of real lifes stories. It is evidently because she sacred lots of theme of her tales for real life.Style of this story is particular, spontaneous, and slightly natural. I can say that author tried to definition the actions of personages, and conveyed the senses. I find out that Margaret Mitchell had a good style of the true and delicate sense when she is telling about her heroes. I consider that her mix of fondness and truth is excellent and unforgettable. I think that there is a splendid styl e of small drams of our life and society. Simplicity, precision and clarity are the principal(prenominal) qualities of her style. The main heroine is Scarlett. This is a person with powerful and pointed mind and furious thirst of life.This is a person who uld menage all the problems came across successfully. She was able to stand up for herself she plant a way out of unpredictable situation. It she could make much, she has proved to herself, that she can all. Being selfish on her character, she had an indestructible carriage, which was specific feature of her background. After wipeout of mother, on her hands there was all house and members of her family. She took care of her relatives even she had to starve. The only object which helped her to survive was her Tara, her native land.Tara was a fortress where she could not think of anything. When she stumbled into difficult situations, she recollected Tara. She saw the color house which is affably appeared through reddish autumn fo liage. She felt silence of rural twilight. She remembered this shrill red ground, and gloomy benighted beauty of pines on the hills. Memories of this adorn avoided her from dismal inner thought. In conclusion I would strongly recommend everybody to read this book. Such books as Margaret Mitchells Gone with the Wind can be the first step for everybody to get a good hobby of reading.My Favourite BookFor years, teachers and parents have been worried about comics, the cinema, television, and now the Internet. They all stop children reading, they say. However, it now seems that children are reading more than ever. Reading habits have changed, because there is now lots of competition from other media, but I think that reading is still popular. The reading is very important for me because book is cognitive. When I read a book I recognize something interesting, I get to know new hero and heroine. I like to read classical literature.It is my dream to become a student of the department of f oreign languages and to be able to read the books by my favourite English and American writers in origin. What is my favourite book? This question is very interesting for me. Nowadays there are many different genres of literatures. And it is very difficult to chouse one of them. I read many different books. So in every book I always find thing, which I like very much. I like to read William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, Robert Burns, Oscar Wilde, Jerome K. Jerome, Charlotte Bronte, Mark Twain, Jack London, Conan Doyle, James Aldridge, Jules Verne, Lewis Carroll, etc.I want to tell you about the book, which I like very much. This book is Gone with the Wind. The author of the book Gone with the Wind is Margaret Mitchell. She was born in Atlanta in 1900. All the family were interested in American history and she grew up in an atmosphere of stories about the Civil War and of stories of staggering events of recent epoch, because her father was a chairman of local historical society. War is one of the biggest misfortunes in the life of people. Now lets revise some historic facts. Civil War began as the result of economy fight between northern and southern states.Northern states had preponderance about 20 million of people against of 10 million of people and powerful industrial potential. But southern states had more talented generals and centered direction. After graduating from college Margaret Mitchell worked a little time for the Atlanta Journal. She wrote articles and stories for this journal. In 1925 she got married. In the following ten years she put on paper all the stories she had heard about Civil War. The result was Gone with the Wind. It was first published in 1936. In 1939 it was made into a highly successful film.Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable played the leading roles. Vivien Leigh won the Oscar. Gone with the Wind is the story about Civil War. Margaret Mitchell tells about life of people at the time of this war and about all burdens, which people outliv ed these years. In the text we can find the description of soldiers live. There we can read how cried mothers and wives then they dispatched their children and husbands on the War. Gone with the Wind is also about a love triangle. While Scarlett loves the quiet gentleman Ashley Wilkes, the wild and decidedly ungentlemanly Rhett Butler is in love with her.Ashley married Melanie Hamilton. After many adventures of her own, Scarlett married Rhett but only for money. The marriage is stormly. That is why eventually Rhett walks out on her, but by the time Scarlett has realized that she loves him after all. Scarlett thinks of some way of getting him back, but we never know if she does because Margaret Mitchell died in 1949 in a car crash. After reading this production I find that it is very expressive and logical because Margaret Mitchell was a good narrator of real lifes stories. It is evidently because she dedicated lots of theme of her tales for real life.Style of this story is particul ar, spontaneous, and slightly natural. I can say that author tried to comment the actions of personages, and conveyed the senses. I find out that Margaret Mitchell had a good style of the true and delicate sense when she is telling about her heroes. I consider that her mix of fantasy and truth is excellent and unforgettable. I think that there is a splendid style of small drams of our life and society. Simplicity, precision and clarity are the main qualities of her style. The main heroine is Scarlett. This is a person with powerful and pointed mind and furious thirst of life.This is a person who uld menage all the problems came across successfully. She was able to stand up for herself she found a way out of unpredictable situation. It she could make much, she has proved to herself, that she can all. Being selfish on her character, she had an indestructible carriage, which was specific feature of her background. After death of mother, on her hands there was all house and members of h er family. She took care of her relatives even she had to starve. The only object which helped her to survive was her Tara, her native land.Tara was a fortress where she could not think of anything. When she stumbled into difficult situations, she recollected Tara. She saw the white house which is affably appeared through reddish autumn foliage. She felt silence of rural twilight. She remembered this shrill red ground, and gloomy dark beauty of pines on the hills. Memories of this landscape avoided her from dismal inner thought. In conclusion I would strongly recommend everybody to read this book. Such books as Margaret Mitchells Gone with the Wind can be the first step for everybody to get a good hobby of reading.

Graffiti: Art Or Vandalism Essay

DEMOGRAPHICSDemographical breakup of the vandals that argon tinting Los Angeles city buildings and freeway structures depart allow a more detailed and clear analysis of the motivational factors behind their acts. This will allow better scheme making and provide a clear understanding of the ways to create aw arness among these gatherings that hooliganism is a crime and that they should not be eng senesced in much(prenominal) activities. The different demographical factors on which enquiry was done be as followsAge Group under(a) 15 4%15-19 46%20-25 38%25-35 9%Over 35 3%The pie chart displays the information contained in the table above left. It can be seen very clearly that the general eon concourse to which most of the vandals belong to is the 15-25 get along group (combining the two most populated age groups 15-19 and 20-25). The 25-35 age group accounts for 9% of the vandals in Los Angeles. There are negligible number of vandals in the under 15 and the over35 age groups. This finding unafraidly suggests the fact that there are a large number of high schools and university students (predominantly undergraduate students) involved in these acts of vandalism. The fun and pressure part is probably the main influence in the 15-25 age groups. Youngsters in this age group are also likely to be influenced by peer pressure and local groups of mischief-creators.The under 15 age group contributes 4% to the integrality vandal population of Los Angeles. When further research was carried turn up, it was found out that this group consists mainly of the poor children thriving around in slums or on roadsides. It was found that these children were paid to carry out these activities of graffito spraying. Thus, money was the most important factor in motivating the passel in this age group to continue vandalism. It should be noted that there is a relatively small percentage of vandals in the 25-35 age group which predominantly suggests that this age group is undist urbed of the professional vandals.Read moreEssay About VandalismThese professional vandals may be groups of mess who may be involved in channel crimes and mischief. It is possible that these people may not be enrolled in any schooling or university program. Similarly, for the over 35 age group comprising of 3% of the total vandals, it can be estimated that most of these people are every mentally ill or belong to mischief groups. (California Vandalism Charges)The age is an important demographical quality of the vandals since it will influence the marketing strategies greatly. However, the occupation of the vandals is also an important factor due to the fact that two different people belonging to the same age group may have to be appealed to differently depending upon their occupation. Our next research will provide a detail into the occupation of the vandals researched above.OccupationOccupationStudents 44%Labor Industry 7%Professional Workers 1%Federal Servants 1%Unemployed 37%Ot hers/Undisclosed 10%(California Vandalism Charges)As suggested by former demographical finding, the occupational breakup of the vandals also conforms to the fact that there are a mass of students and unemployed people involved in these mischievous acts. This gives a strong support to the fact that the strategies that will be used to combat these activities should be directed mainly towards high school and undergraduate students and people belonging to the 15-25 age groups without any records of enrolment in any school, college or university.This is due to the fact that there is a very negligible presence of professionals or federal servants in these activities. Furthermore, the 10% vandals with undisclosed occupations look like mainly the poor and the underprivileged people. These people have no occupation and therefore they thrive either on charity or by doing acts such as these in return for money. The next characteristic, income group, will further testify to the above findings .Income GroupWeekly Income$0-$ hundred 66%$101-$250 23%$251-$400 1%$400-$800 1%$800 0%Others/Undisclosed 9%The suggestion in the previous findings that a large portion of the vandals are either students with only pocket money as their source of income, or they are the poor people thriving on charity, is supported strongly by the income breakup table.There is a strong indication of the fact that the people involved in these activities are poor people motivated by the financial rewards for committing these acts of graffiti spraying and there are some opposite students and mischief provers who either do it for the fun of doing it or under serious pressure from other trouble maker groups. The distribution of the vandals with regard to the area they thrive in will complete the picture of the nature of the vandals and will enable us to propose more absolute marketing strategies to curtail the mischievous activities of graffiti spraying. (California Vandalism Charges)AreaArea-wise B reakupDowntown 15%East and Northeast 14%Echo Park & Westlake 8%Greater Hollywood 1%Harbor Area 11%Los Feliz & Silver Lake 1%South 23%San Fernando Valley 22%West (The Westside) 2%Wilshire 3%(List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles)The research carried out on the area-wise demographics of the vandals population has led to the same conclusion which was repeatedly being ob assistd in the previous researchers. As the graph displays, the majority of the vandals either belong to those areas which house the largest number of skyscrapers and freeway structures or belong to the most populated and poor areas (signifying the fact that the graffiti sprayers are poor people paid to do the job by other people). Thus, the general picture of a vandal can be sketched to be either a college student or a poor person threatened with the consequences of poverty without any means of survival motivated by monetary gains to do the graffiti spraying.MARKETING STRATEGIESSince the demographical rese arch has led to the conclusion that a great majority of the people involved in these acts of graffiti tagging belong to the 15-25 age group and they would generally be either enrolled in a school, college or university program or would be thriving the streets of Los Angeles, we would like to propose a two-fold marketing strategy. (From Vandal to Artist)The first fold of the strategy would be targeted towards the student population and the college graders for whom graffiti spraying is a matter of fun or it is due to the joining the bandwagon effect. We propose that this category of graffiti sprayers should be tough differently with different marketing strategies since they are quite different from the other category. This group predominantly consists of students of various ages and enrolments from middle school students to undergraduate students. There is a possibility of there being graduate students as well. But for simplicity, we are considering that the general range of this cat egory is from the middle age students to undergraduate students.The marketing strategy to use with this category is simple yet utile. Organizing concerts and mass awareness programs at campuses are perhaps one of the most effective ways in tackling out the problems in this category of graffiti sprayers. Since the motivation factor behind their activities is majorly fun and the bandwagon effect and there is no real purpose behind their activities, we believe that if they are provided alternative platforms to display their creativity and ability to mix and match colors, they will not resort to vandalism on Los Angeles buildings. It is probably the lack of outpouring opportunities that has fuelled their activities to such a great height.Using mass advertising campaigns within the campus will be an effective advertising strategy that will pay off in the long-run. Since, it is the campus where students spend most of their time away from home, constant exposure to banners and billboards condemning vandalism and regarding it as a heinous crime will instill in the graffiti sprayers a degree of shame and deter them from committing the same activities the next time. (Graffiti Removal)Since we cannot be sure as to the number of schools and colleges in which students involved in vandalism are spread a good marketing strategy would be to advertise on books, stationary and all those items that are connected with high school and college students. Advertising may not cost a lot if done intelligently placing billboards and banners at the entrances of coffee shops and locations where lots of students gather may be an effective way to communicate the message that vandalism is a crime. Furthermore, it can be ensured that college principals and influential teachers in schools and colleges reinforce this message in their discussions repeatedly. It will serve as a deterrent for students to remain involved in graffiti spraying and in the long-run will turn students involved in graff iti spraying into critics of vandalism themselves.Competitions can be arranged to invite students in graffiti contests where they can compete against each other in graffiti scene and color matching. (From Vandal to Artist) This will be an opportunity for students involved in graffiti spraying to put their energy into these competitions so that their attention can be diverted to more productive locomote. It is no doubt that a student having graffiti skills will show up when such competitions will be organized. Offering prizes for striking paintings and graffiti blend in will give a boost to their morals and a promise of repeated contests in the years to come will make them eager to practice their graffiti skills personally and productively rather than on the walls of Los Angeles buildings.For the next set of graffiti sprayers the poor people paid by others to do the job, since money is their only motivational factor we propose a different marketing campaign. These people do no t have any means of work and so they resort to whatever work they can get in return for money. Thus, their main motivational factor is the money being provided to them by other parties for spraying graffiti.The local city council can gather these people under one roof and organize an awareness campaign which should also provide work and labor opportunities for them. Since, their unemployment and poverty leads them to resort to such activities, ensuring that they are engaged in respectable work will eliminate their tendencies to continue with vandalism and will mechanically curb the percentage of people with such demographics involved in graffiti spraying. (Graffiti Removal)It is possible that networking amongst this category of vandals will get the message across more easily and strongly. Thus, we strongly recommend that the Los Angeles council should use word-of-mouth communication to stress upon the immorality of vandalism. They should give rewards to the people who give details about the people involved in vandalism and should take the emotional appeal to marketing as their tool to restrict vandalism in this category.These people can be provided the means to eff a respectable life and enjoy a future one can look forward too. Even though the population of such people may be large since Los Angeles is already a big city with a population of 13 million people to be supported by the city council on its own, trying is better than not doing anything. On the whole, we believe that these marketing strategies, if implemented hand in hand, will be a greater success than if implemented one after the other.Since these two categories summarize 89% of the graffiti sprayers, there will be just the need to combat other professional and mischief-makers through the local police and law enforcement agencies. We believe that the above strategies have great potential in reducing the amount of graffiti on Los Angeles buildings and freeway structures and that proper communica tion strategy can always be effective in communicating the message across. We believe that the described marketing strategies will reduce graffiti spraying on Los Angeles buildings by at least 89% which will be a significant reduction in the graffiti on Los Angeles buildings and freeway structures. (Graffiti Removal)Works Cited1. California Vandalism Charges. (n.d.). Retrieved June 29, 2008, from Vandalism Cases www.lacriminaldefenseattorney.com/Vandalism.html2. From Vandal to Artist. (n.d.). Retrieved June 29, 2008, from Business Week www.businessweek.com/smallbiz/content/jul2005/sb20050718_049224.htm3. Graffiti Removal. (n.d.). Retrieved June 29, 2008, from CleanLink http//www.cleanlink.com/sm/article.asp?id=601&keywords=4. List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles. (n.d.). Retrieved June 30, 2008, from Wikipedia.org http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_districts_and_neighborhoods_of_Los_Angeles

Prohibition Research

Others suggested that those who drank should be D hung by the tongue beneath an airplane and flown over the country o exiled to concentration camps in the Aleutian Islands o excluded from any and all churches o forbidden to marry tortured o branded o whipped o sterilized o tattooed o placed in battleship cages in public squares o forced to swallow two ounces of caster oil a executed, as well as their progeny to the fourth generation. A major prohibitionist group, the Womens Christian Temperance Union (WEST) taught as scientific fact that the majority of beer drinkers die from droopier (edema or swelling). banishment agents routinely broke the law themselves. They shot innocent people and regularly destroyed citizens vehicles, homes, businesses, and vii other valuable property. They even illegally sank a long Canadian ship. Bathtub gird got its name from the fact that alcohol, glycerin and juniper jug was mixed in bottles or jugs too tall to be filled with peeing from a sink tap s o they were commonly filled under a bathtub tap. The speakeasy got its name because one had to whisper a code phrase or name by a slot in a locked door to gain admittance. suppression led to widespread disrespect for law. New York City unsocial had about thirty thousand (yes, 30,000) speakeasies. And even public leaders flaunted their disregard for the law. They included the Speaker of the united States House of Representatives, who owned and operated an illegal still. Some fearsome and unfortunate people during Prohibition falsely believed t hat the undrinkable alcohol in antifreeze could be do safe and drinkable by filtering it through a loaf of bread. It couldnt and many were seriously injured or xi killed as a result.In Los Angels, a jury that had heard a bootlegging grammatical case was itself put on trial after it drank the evidence. The jurors argued in their defense that they had simply been sampling the evidence to determine whether or not it contained alcohol, which they determined it did. However, because they consumed the evidence, the defendant supercharged with bootlegging had to be acquitted. When the ship, Washington, was launched, a bottle of water rather than xiii Champagne, was ceremoniously broken across its bow. Prohibition led to a boom in the cruise industry.By taking what were advertise deed as cruises to nowhere, people could legally consume alcohol as soon as the ship entered international amnionic fluid where they would typically cruise in circles. National Prohibition not only failed to prevent the consumption of alcohol, buy led to the extensive production of dangerous unregulated and untaxed alcohol 01, the development Of organized crime, increased violence, and massive political irruption. The human body produces its own supply of alcohol naturally on a continuous basis, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Therefore, we always have alcohol in our bodies.Prohibition clearly benefited some people. Notorious bootlegger AY Capo ns made sixty million dollars Per year (untaxed ) while the average industrial worker earned less than $1 ,OHO per year. But not everyone benefited. By the time Prohibition was repealed, nearly 800 gangsters in the City of Chicago alone had been killed in battleground shootings. And, of course, thousands of citizens were killed, blinded, or xviii realized as a result of drinking bemire bootleg alcohol. The Father of Prohibition, Congressman Andrew J. Evolutes, was defeated shortly after Prohibition was imposed.

How is Crooks Depicted in Of Mice and Men? Essay

We see that Crooks falls into the lower, working class category. We know this because the tidy sum on the ranch look down on him because he is black and hasnt got as many rights as the fresh work force in the working class. We consider that Steinbeck tries to show that it he is in the lower class by showing the segregation and discrimination put upon Crooks. He had shown that it was normal to be racial in the 1930s because when the men called Crooks a nigger, they didnt mean to hurt Crooks by it. As everyone is racist, others see its normal to discriminate and racially abuse Crooks and think nothing of it.The effect on the reader is that it shocks them to see the men using the word nigger and having no effect on the other men on the ranch by saying it. This is because nowadays, it is unlawful to discriminate against colour or race so if the word nigger is used to discriminate like a shot, many large number will feel disgraced. Today we think that Crooks would fall into the hi gher working class as he is polite, friendly, hardworking and old, Disregarding his colour as today the colour of someones skin doesnt make a difference.Crooks class is evident as he is segregated From the white men by living in the barn and doesnt socialize with them because of the jim crow laws limiting the social rights of the black people. Another reason for why Crooks isnt allowed to socialise is because of the KKK who would attack anyone who associated with Crooks so people were to scared to do that. He is treated like a pet because he has less possessions than his owner (boss. ) he has a bed which is a box of straw. Also his name is discriminating him once again by judging his appearance and drawing attention to his disability.We think that if the Jim triumph laws didnt exist, Crooks would have been able to break the barrier between some of the white men who were interested in making friends and loaning for some company. However, we think that even if Jim Crow laws didnt exi st, some men would still be treated differently. An example is Lennie, Candy and Curleys wife. We think that Steinbeck is interested in arising the doors to the different segments of society in the 1930s. He intends to show how black people were severely segregated and separate so that Crooks ability to socialise with the white men was prevented.

Unit 1-7 Test

point 1 0 out of 2 points Most throng can think at _______ times the rate at which near people talk. assist indemnify cause 3 to 4 header 2 0 out of 2 points Defining a computer as a programmable electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data represents what type of meaning? repartee cover final result denotation capitulum 3 2 out of 2 points The answer to tout ensemble of the quest questions can help you avoid self-fulfilling prophecies except dish out Correct Answer Why cant I compete with others who do the predicted look? Question 4 0 out of 2 points Which of the following questions can help you find ways to become more other-oriented? Answer Correct Answer all of the above Question 5 0 out of 2 points Self-aw beness, an de frontierineing of your core identity, isAnswer Correct Answer all of the above. Question 6 2 out of 2 points Howard Giles Communication Accommodation TheoryAnswer Correc t Answer claims that when another group is attractive and powerful, we adapt our communication style to their speech behaviors and norms Question 7 2 out of 2 points Immediately after listening to a short talk, most of us cannot accurately report _____ percent of what was said. Answer Correct Answer 50 Question 8 2 out of 2 points Researchers suggest that _____________ percent of the meaning we generate when interacting with others may be conveyed through gestural behaviors. Answer Correct Answer 60 to 70 Question 9 2 out of 2 points Your textbook presents seven key elements of effective communication. The first of all element on that list isAnswer Correct Answer Self Question 10 2 out of 2 points ______________ is the ability to restate what people read in a way that indicates you have understood what they mean. Answer Correct Answer Paraphrasing Question 11 2 out of 2 points On average, we give approximately ____________ of our communicating time listeningAnswer Correct Answer 40-70 percent Question 12 0 out of 2 points Why are many people confident when asked to sing in a choir, but nervous when asked to sing solo? Answer Correct Answer charge of the spotlight Question 13 0 out of 2 points Which of the following is not a characteristic of paraphrasing? Answer Correct Answer the ability to repeat exactly what a person has said Question 14 0 out of 2 points If you are leave behinding to stand up for yourself in appropriate ways to fulfill your needs, you are practicingAnswer Correct Answer self-assertiveness Question 15 0 out of 2 points Immediacy strategies refer toAnswer Correct Answer the extent to which you seem approchable or likable. Question 16 2 out of 2 points Members of most work groups interact with one another at HallsAnswer Correct Answer social duration Question 17 0 out of 2 points Which media was used extensively to report events and opinions during citizen uprisings and protests in Iran in 2009? Answer Correct Answer Twitter Question 18 2 out of 2 points A study by the Business-Higher Education Forum listed _________________ as the most important skill area for locomote preparation in college.Answer Correct Answer oral communication skills Question 19 0 out of 2 points What type of listening enables you to identify and understand a persons feelings or motives? Answer Correct Answer empathic listening Question 20 0 out of 2 points Good listeners use their unneeded thought speed toAnswer Correct Answer summarize main ideas Question 21 2 out of 2 points In Latin, the word credo meansAnswer Correct Answer I believe. Question 22 2 out of 2 points If the word computer evokes a negative image of an increasingly complex bundle nightmare that frustrates and infuriates you, what type of meaning is influencing your response to the word? Answer Corre ct Answer connotation Question 23 0 out of 2 points attain the function of communicative cues in relation to verbal messages in the following example When David asks Elaine whether she was able to buy any more of the on-sale Saran Wraps, she nods as she says yes while property up three fingers and says three. Answer Correct Answer repeats the verbal message Question 24 out of 2 points Mindfulness requiresAnswer Correct Answer all of the above Question 25 2 out of 2 points Anthropologist Edward T. Hall identifies four zones of interaction used by most North Americans. Which of the following answers is not one of Halls zones? Answer Correct Answer business distance Question 26 0 out of 2 points Which of the following statements about the nature of communicative communication is described in the following sentence Depending on the circumstances and occasion, a laugh can be interpreted as amusement, approval, contempt, scorn, or embarrassment. Answer Correct Answer Nonverbal communication is highly contextual. Question 27 0 out of 2 points What percent of women in the United States feel upset about their weight and want to be thinner? Answer Correct Answer 75-80% Question 28 2 out of 2 points The Communication in Action feature in Chapter 6 explains that tattoos and tree trunk piercings can affect a persons credibility in all of the follwoing ways exceptAnswer Correct Answer tattoos and body piercings have permanent and serious effects on a persons health Question 29 out of 2 points While preparing for a merged project interview Richard pays careful attention to selecting appropriate clothing (including a long-sleeved blue shirt to hide his tattoo), reminding himself to smile and establish eye contact with the person who will be interviewing him, and answering questions in a strong, confident voice. What aspect of nonverbal communication has Richard failed to consider? Answer Corr ect Answer none of the above Question 30 2 out of 2 points harmonize to Hofstedes dimensions of finishing, which country is ranked 1 in terms of masculine values?Answer Correct Answer Japan Question 31 0 out of 2 points According to the 2000 Census, 75% of the people keep in the United States were white. By 2006, _______________ of people living in the United States were white. Answer Correct Answer 56. 6% Question 32 0 out of 2 points According to your textbook, people who believe that their culture is better than other cultures or that their culture should be the role model for other cultures would be classified asAnswer Correct Answer ethnocentric Question 33 0 out of 2 points Identify the function of nonverbal cues in relation to verbal messages in the following example You say the words Im huffy with a loud volume, forceful gestures, and piercing eye contact. Answer Correct Answer accents the verbal message Question 34 0 out of 2 points The two most common fears among North Americans areAnswer Correct Answer fear of snakes and fear of public speaking Question 35 2 out of 2 points Which of the following religions is the oldest?Answer Correct Answer Hinduism Question 36 0 out of 2 points In order to maintain a positive self-concept we a lot try to make ourselves look good byAnswer Correct Answer doing all of the above. Question 37 0 out of 2 points Research suggests that leakage cues (unintentional nonverbal behaviors) may reveal deceptive communication. Which of the following answers describes a leakage cue? Answer Correct Answer higher pitch, vocal tension, and longer pauses Question 38 0 out of 2 points In which interactional context does a limited number of people, usually two, interact for the purpose of sharing information, accomplishing a item goal or maintaining a relationship? Answer Correct Answer interpersonal communication Question 39 0 out of 2 points The fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons is referred to asAnswer Correct Answer communication apprehension Question 40 out of 2 points Marguerite is a conscientious member of her work team. her listening style, however, annoys some of the other members. She tends to be an impulsive decision nobleman who rarely weighs the pros and cons of her decisions. What is Marguerites listening style? Answer Correct Answer time-oriented Question 41 2 out of 2 points People who exhibit effective nonverbal communication skills tend to haveAnswer Correct Answer all of the above Question 42 0 out of 2 points If you are thinking about your approaching vacation plans rather than llistening carefully to your friends problem, you are preoccupied byAnswer Correct Answer internal noise Question 43 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is the best example of an abstract word? An swer Correct Answer fairness Question 44 2 out of 2 points A corporate CEO relates that when he fumbled his way through a speech and started to ramble, he noticed that he was losing listeners and then became even more unnerved.The CEO was reacting toAnswer Correct Answer feedback Question 45 0 out of 2 points Which of the following statements is an inference? Answer Correct Answer Rodney does not care about the groups project. Question 46 0 out of 2 points Your textbook defines communication as the process of using verbal and nonverbal messages to generate meaning within and across variouscontexts, cultures, and channels. Which term in this definition refers towhere, when, and under what circumstances you communicate?Answer Correct Answer 3. context Question 47 2 out of 2 points According to your textbook, ________________ communication refers to the interaction of three or more interdependent people who interact for the purpose of achiev ing a common goal. Answer Correct Answer group Question 48 2 out of 2 points According to your texbooks definition of culture, which of the following groups of people meet this definition? Answer Correct Answer all(prenominal) of the above Question 49 0 out of 2 points Anthropologist Edward T. Hall studies spatial relationships and how the distance between people communicates information about their relationship. He refers to this propensity asAnswer Correct Answer proxemics Question 50 0 out of 2 points What are the distance parameters most North Americans use when interacting with close personal friends and family members? Answer Correct Answer 18 inches to 4 feet Sunday, October 7, 2012 80408 PM CDT OK

Organizational Behaviour Assignment †Management Essay

A coach is a person who supervises one or to a greater extent subordinates (Bailey et al., 1991, p. 14) by using the focal point functions of castning, organizing, leading and controlling. handlers mint make a group of individuals more efficient to achieve (Reid) an makeups goals. In addition to the functions, carriages fuddle roles to play in an arranging and accomplishments which make easier for them to do so.The management functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling is a way for managers to mold individuals into ideal employees. With planning, managers commode define the goals of the organization, and then establish an approach to achieve it (Gibson et al., 1997, p. 16) by maturation a plan. Inputs from subordinates concerning about the plan are very much encouraged as theyre the ones that make a plan wee-wee and by asking for their thoughts, subordinates would feel valued.After a plan is designed, organizing it will be the next step. Everything should be on stand by and everyone should understand the signifi behindce of their role (Gibson et al., 1997, p. 16). Next copes leading, where managers are seen motivating the employees and declaration conflicts. When the plan is organism implemented, managers muckle control activities to ensure everything goes accordingly. A back-up plan should be developed in case of a crisis (Reid). Being aware of all these functions, managers loafer effectively assist an organization to seduce its goals.In Henry Mintzbergs study, he concluded that a managers roles falls into tether categories interpersonal, informational and decisional roles (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 9). In the category of interpersonal roles, a manager is a figurehead, a leader and a liaison of which he is a person who to gets closer to other individuals in the organization by developing a more personal connection with them. To accomplish this, managers should recognize that individuals begin manner to lead alfresco their office. Within the informational roles category, managers are the organizations monitor, disseminator and spokesperson. Information is used here as an mendment for subordinates managers facilitate by seeking receiving and transmitting information to them. In the decisional category, managers are seen as an entrepreneur, disturbance double-decker and resource allocator. Managers make important decisions that chiffonier influence individuals elaborate environment. By assuming these roles, an effective manager advise be born in oneself.An effective manager needs certain skills as well. aptitude is an ability to transform knowl boundary into act that ends in a desired performance (Bailey et al, 1991, p. 22). The vital managerial skills are sorted out into three categories technical, conceptual and gracious skills (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 11). A technical skill is a specialized knowledge, which can be learned through experience or basis education. abstract skills are the pote ntial to analyze, identify and correct problems. Human skills are the capability to work well with others by using motivation and understanding human behaviors. organisational Behaviour is a knowledge which helps managers who deals closely with human resources to understand their subordinates as an individual, a group or as a whole organization (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 10). Organizational Behaviour offers several concepts in helping managers to understand individuals better. The concepts are globalization, work force variety, astir(p) quality and productivity, empowerment, improving people skill, temporariness, simulating conversion and changes, balancing family with work and ethics (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, pp. 13-18).globalization is interdependency of transportation, distribution, communication and economic networks crosswise global boundaries (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, p. 54). This influences a managers people skills by two ways hell presumable be trans ferred to a foreign country or having to deal with individuals from residue countries (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 17). To adapt, managers should bring forward globally and being aware of the process of globalization. Managers should sensitise themselves while dealing with a global organization (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, pp. 57-58). A finish off computer code of conduct for the work can be developed so that employees have heed for difference cultures. To benefit from globalization, managers should equip employees with information about cultures in a country that they wish to penetrate its mart (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, p. 58).Procter & Gambles introduction of liquid detergent failed in Europe because European washing machines werent equipped for it so modifications had to be made to their product (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, p. 56). This is an example in which Procter & Gamble had to suffer the sledding of profits because they were ignorant in finding out about the pros and cons of launching their product. Managers will have to ground pleasure to local as well as international needs so that global advantage can be attained. A diverse workforce will help managers to appreciate the intricacy of globalization. hands diversity occurs when an organization becomes more distinct in terms of gender, race, ethnicity and minority (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 41). Managers will have to mingle with the diverse workforce. Cultural awareness training for the current workforce (http//www.pwcglobal.com/us/eng/careers/diversity/index.html, 2001) can help employees and managers to learn about each others background. At PricewaterhouseCoopers, a Diversity and work force Champions are appointed in each de quitment to find solutions concerning diversity problems in expect of enhancing work performance. Jim Schiro, the CEO there, shelp thatWhen you make a genuine commitment to diversity, you bring a greater diversity of ideas, approaches, e xperiences and abilities that can be applied to client problems. After all, six people with different perspective have a better shot at solving complex problems than sixty people who all hypothesise alike. (http//www.pwcglobal.com/us/eng/careers/diversity/index.html, 2001)From the argument above, it shows that a diverse workforce is well appreciated because it can improve an organizations quality and productivity.To improve quality and productivity, this is where Total Quality Management (TQM) comes in. TQM is a doctrine of management that is driven by constant attainment of customer satisfaction through continuous usefulness of organization (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 46). Managers can use the approach of reengineering (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, pp. 349-50) which is to reconsider how work would be done if it was from scratch. This can be done if a managers conceptual skills are used. Managers will have to come out with an arrangement that can improve organizations pro ductivity and quality so that customer satisfaction could be maximised.The organization should be completely change for the better not only the last-place product but also the small things like how quickly is the employees response to complaints, how polite are they and so on. Citigroups employees are promoted based on their work performance (http//www.citigroup.com/citigroup/corporate/values/index.htm, 2003). At Hewlett-Packard Corporation, customers respect and loyalty is earned by providing high-quality services (http//www.hp.com/hpinfo/abouthp/corpobj.html, 2001). This can be done by putting employees in direct contact with customers. By doing so, employees can personally identify customer needs, so better choices can be made to satisfy the customers. Managers can empower employees to achieve customers approval.Empowerment promoter putting employees in charge of what theyre doing. It eases employees because when theres no managers breathing down their necks during their work. At Nokia, employees are rewarded for the overall success based on their performance so it generates an environment for employees to optimize to their full potential which managers can provide by giving employees all the information they need to succeed (http//www.nokia.com/nokia/0,8764,5452,00.html, 2003).Motivation is the best means for managers. In the Lesson of the Red Horse, it stated that employees tend to work more competent when employees are able to think on their own (Reid). Managers should treat employees as individuals and show that their contribution to the organization count. Meetings across departments as a whole should be held regularly to help employees recognize the organizations objectives better. In those impacts, brainstorming (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 741) can be done so refreshed ideas from employees can be considered. Susan M. Heathfield wrote thatI attended a meeting led by a young manager. I watched as she provided information and led a discussion . The most hitting feature of the interaction was that she talked to the group as if they were all colleagues working on the same goal. (Heathfield, 2003)This exhibits that a manager isnt more or less(prenominal) important than other individuals in the organization. Organizations goals can be achieved when its managers people skill enhances. Employees should have a sense of importance and thrill, exhibit nudeness, insight and originality, and inflate on change, challenge and competition. A manager can make an employee have that sense by qualification them know that mistakes are tolerable as long as its being dealt with as short as possible. Citigroup encourages an open-door management style where doors in the office arent close at any inclined time to make the working environment more laid-back and giving the employees an opportunity to converse as well as interaction with their co-workers and managers alike without fear of rejection (http//www.citigroup.com/citigroup/corporat e/values/data/index.htm, 2003).Communication is the break to bring individuals closer. At Nokia, a culture of internal and external communication is valued. Its range of communication channel that helps employees to use corporate information that they receive and by doing so knowledge is pooled and a sense of openness in Nokia is supreme (http//www.nokia.com/nokia/0,8764,321,00.html, 2003).Managers can take cue from people at Nokia as there is a Nokia raft magazine which is published in 4 languages, a Nokia News Service which offers daily organizational news online, and an Intranet that contains Nokias company information. The reason why Nokia was focused is because of their commitment in bringing the Nokia employees end-to-end worldwide closer to one another (http//www.nokia.com/nokia/0,8764,5450,00.html, 2003). Managers should familiarize themselves with employees to can create a sense of family sequester in the workplace. At HalfPrice books, its founder made the working envi ronment enjoyable by encouraging a sense of play at work and enlivening employees so that they feel theyre a part of something brilliant (Heathfield, 2003).Managers have to simulate employees creativity and tolerance for change. The business world today is a global one with the introduction of the Internet. It offers plenty of opportunities for organizations to discover in. Hallmark, a greeting card company appreciate this and developed their own website. Managers can nurture innovation by making information accessible to its employees and selecting fanciful people who are trained to develop first-class products (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 18). Even if the company is the first to develop something new, its time to move on to the next best thing when their competitors reached the same product level. At Citigroup, management are willingly to invest in infrastructure and focus more on technological innovation because they want employees to give the very best service to their cus tomers (http//www.citigroup.com/citigroup/about/index.htm, 2003).A change in an organization is inevitable therefore managers and employees face the concept of temporariness (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 18). They have to learn flexibility, spontaneity and unpredictability in the workforce today, by constantly updating themselves to better perform. Employees tend to defy changes because fear of acquiring fired, getting a lower pay or just fear of the unknown (Robbins & Coulter 2001, pp. 345-47). Resistance to changes can be avoided if the changes are planned well and there is clear communication between management and employees. Explaining the need for changes to employees and getting their views can diminish the resistance. Companies like Ford or JVC had to deal with changes when computerised assembly lines were introduced. All these changes happened due to new innovations being made everyday. wobble creates stress for employees. Managers have to realise that employees have anot her part of life outside the workplace (Robbins & Coulter 2001, p. 351). Balancing work and family add more stress to employees that it disturbs their working potential. prepare and family relates to one another.Organizations realized family concerns jeopardize business results. Managers should be aware of this as employees are afraid to vocalise out their concerns in fear of appearing less dedicated to their jobs. At Motorola, a work-life vision statement is made and a Special Delivery program gives expectant parents a 24-hours nurse hotline in hope of comforting and calming employees (Hammonds 1997). Satisfying employees personal needs can encourage more effective workers with less constant worry. Companies that recognise the need to adapt work to peoples life will win employees loyalty which gains them an edge in the business.Managers might find themselves dealing with ethical dilemma where theyre required to define office or wrong conducts. Managers need to create an ethicall y healthy working climate at the workplace for employees. Levis Strauss became the first global company to establish a broad ethical code of conduct in 1991 (http//www.levistrauss.com/responsibility, 2003). Values of the organization can be seen through its employees.For example, Malcolm Walker who heads a retail food string called Iceland is also a member of an environmental awareness group called Greenpeace (Robbins & Coulter 2001, p. 130). His company showed ethical doings when they decided to sell products which are free of chemicals that can harm Earth. Managers should hire ethical individuals, establishing a code of ethics at workplace (Robbins & Coulter 2001, p. 131) and of course, be a good role model by making the right choices in managing the organization. Managers can either make or break an organization as they can influence and control the employees into doing anything they want.Managing individuals isnt easy however, it can be done effectively with the aid of organiz ational behaviour concepts and knowledge. It is something that a manager can improve on with practice and experience throughout their working profession.Reference ListAbout HP Hewlett Packard Corporate Objectives, online 2002, Available from , 2003, October 10.Bailey, J., Schermerhorn, J., Hunt, J., Osborn, R., 1991, Chapter 1 Organisational Behaviour and the Manager. In Managing Organisational Behaviour. London Jacaranda Wiley Ltd. p. 14. -. p. 22.Citigroup Our Values, online, 2003. Available from , 2003, October 9Citigroup About Us, online, 2003. Available from , 2003, October 9.Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donnelly, J. H. Jr., 1997, Chapter 1 The oeuvre of Organization. In Organizations Behavior Structure Processes. ed. Biernat, J. E., Rob Zwettler. United States of America. p. 16. -. Chapter 3 Globalization. p. 54. -. Chapter 3 Globalization. pp. 56-58. -. Chapter 13 Organization Structure. pp. 349-50.Hammonds, K. H. 1997, Balancing work and Family Business Week, onl ine, Available from, 2003, October 15.Heathfield, S. M.,2003. Help People Thrive at Work. online. Available from, 2003, October 9. -. Make acquirement Matter Become A Learning Organization. online. Available from , 2003, October 1.Levi Strauss Co. Social Responsibility, 2003. online, Available from , 2003, October 4.Nokia Internal Communications. online, 2003, Available from , 2003, October 4.Nokia Nokia as an Employer. online, 2003, Available from, 2003, October 7Nokia public presentation Based Rewarding. online, 2003, Available from , 2003, October 10.PricewaterhouseCoopersUSCareersDiversity, online, 2001. Available from , 2003, October 10.Reid, J., 2003. Lesson of the Red Horse. online. Available from 2003, family line 18. -.2003. Management 101. online. Available from 2003, September 18.Robbins, S. P. & Coulter M. 2001. Chapter One Introduction to Management and Organizations. In Management. Prentice-Hall outside(a) Inc. p. 9. -. p. 11. -. Chapter Two Management Ye sterday and Today. p. 41. -. p. 46. -. Chapter Five Social Responsibility and Managerial Ethics. Pp. 130-31. -. Chapter Thirteen Managing Change and Innovation. pp. 345-47. -. p. 351.Robbins, S. P., Millett, R., Cacioppe, R., Marsh-Waters, T., 1998. What is Organisational Behaviour?. In Organisational Behaviour Leading and Managing in Australia and New Zealand. Frenchs quality NSW Prentice Hall. p. 10.

Divergent Suggested Essays Essay

Suggested Essay Questions1.In what slipway does Triss identicalness develop over the course of the romance?Tris began the novel timid and unsure of herself and her desires, which was characteristic of her Abnegation upbringing she was neer each(prenominal)owed to focus on herself, so she never knew exactly what she wanted. Upon choosing Dauntless her bravery obviously begins to blossom, but she experiences some(prenominal) other changes as well. She forges friendships and relationships exchange to her identity, with raft who bring out the best in her. And she learns that though she has chosen a nonher faction, she can still be selfless and indeed she is, time and time again. By the end of the novel, she is fully aware of herself as diverging some star who does not fit in, but who cannot be controlled. The events of the end of the novel reinforce who she has been selfless and who she wants to generate brave. There are many significant experiences to discuss, both faithfu l and bad, that shaped Tris as a soulfulness throughout her time in Dauntless.2.Compare and contrast this rigidly structured society with our get. What are the pros and cons of each? Does champion provide a more effective lifestyle than the other?The distinctions between Triss society and our own are very apparent their idea of becoming a good person involves selecting one legality to cultivate their entire lives, while for us, being good and morally sound involves a mixture of all of their faction virtues and more. Socially, we feed much more freedom of choice, but is that freedom always a good thing? Studying any of the five virtues of Triss world can indeed exact corroboratory effects on ones life. It all depends on perspective either could be seen as the more effective lifestyle, dep final result on how you look at it, but the faction system certainly makes some significant missteps in trying to control and direct a persons identity and humanity.3.Discuss the steadiness o f a government run merely by a single faction. Is Jeanine Matthews truly abuse for transaction for greater representation, or is it separate to keep presidentship in the hands of the selfless?This is certainly a far cry from our system of democracy. While having the innately selfless run the government seems like a respectable idea in theory, in practice it may fall short. Abnegation do not have the akin goals in life as Erudite, Candor, Amity, or Dauntless, so in that respectfore it is natural that their administration is called into question. Perhaps a system with equal representation from every faction would be a better strategy though policy would not consist of extremely selfless acts, sometimes representatives do have to be selfish advocates for their throng. And with everyone having a say, there would be much less probability of a disorder the size of Erudites. Jeanine wasnt entirely wrong in what she preached, but she certainly went about it the wrong way, and Abne gation wasnt to blame for a system that had been flawed from the start.4.What are the benefits of sorting mass into well-disposed groups the way the factions are sorted? What are the drawbacks?We tend to subconsciously sort ourselves into groups regardless we gravitate towards people with similar interests as us, people with similar backgrounds, people who look like us. With a society unionized into groups, citizens are always surrounded by like-minded people, and there is a much greater chance of getting along with those who think like you. On the other hand, though, that separation can promote fanaticism and prejudice, which is obviously apparent in the novel all the factions shunned the values of their competitors, promoting a far too spaced way of life.5.There are only five factions are there any other human virtues scatty from the list? Why would these be necessary in well-rounded citizens?Valuing only honesty, selflessness, peacefulness, bravery, and intelligence seems lik e a very venial slice of the vast majority of honorable human virtues. Another faction could outlast based on loyalty many of the problemsin Triss world (and our own) are caused by treason and distrust. A faction based on diligence could ensure that all its citizens are hardworking and productive. And there could also be a faction based on creativity, which shapes the mind in many ways the other factions do not.6.Discuss Tris Prior as our protagonist. Is she a reliable narrator? Does she always tell the virtue? Are we constrained by her point of view?Tris is typically a very straightforward narrator, though perhaps her point of view is often clouded by her own personal prejudices. We do not get a good sense of prickings character, for instance, because she is always so determined to hate him perhaps there is more to him than meets the eye. Were certainly constrained by her perspective, only knowing what she knows at any given time. We solve the mysteries of Four, her mother, an d the Erudite-Abnegation feud only as soon as she does, because the story is told only from her first person perspective. The limits of this perspective does allow for some mystery and tension, though, as well as the tough impression of Tris as a hero.7.What significance do Triss relationships have in her life? discordant relationships begin to blossom for Tris only after shes left Abnegation. Her family is broken apart, but at a distance she seems to get even closer to her mother, learning more about her past than she ever knew before. In Abnegation, Tris never had true up friendships, but in Dauntless she becomes close to Will, Christina, Al, Uriah, and some of the other initiates. Without them, she wouldnt have had the support she needed to get through initiation. And finally, her relationship with Four has changed her in many ways shes been given someone to open up to, who in turn opens up to her, and for a person with as much to deal with as Tris, this is absolutely essential .8.Compare and contrast Peter and Jeanine Matthews as adversarys. Who would be considered the central antagonist?Both Peter and Jeanine serve as Triss enemies, but in very different ways. Peter is more present throughout the novel, causing trouble for Tris during initiation, her most immediate concern. But Jeanine is an antagonist on a larger scale though she doesnt make an actual appearance until late in the novel, we know shes been behind the growing rebellion of the Erudite and the hunt for different. Jeanines aims and the reach of her grok lead to something much, much larger than a struggle for ranking during initiation. For this reason, only Jeanine can be considered the central antagonist.9.In what ways is the brewing war between Abnegation and Erudite reminiscent of our societal power struggles?though the battle at the culmination of the novel is fought with high-tech innovations like simulations, the circumstances that caused it can be comfortably compared to the power s truggles in our own society. It starts with a group of people believing theyve been treated unjustly, with an unfairly small amount of say in government, and ends with a bloody battle to determine who stays and who goes. Revolutions and major present-day(a) wars begin in much the same way. Jeanine Matthews is representative of the persuasive, charismatic, and intelligent leader who is able to convince her people to rally against another group in this case, Abnegation. Jeanines method of manipulation through propaganda (false claims about Abnegation) and negligence for others based on a perceived difference or lack mirrors fascist leaders from history.10.Which thought in the novel would you consider the most significant, and why?Though many major themes in Divergent are prevalent, the one that forever and a day comes into play is the theme of identity and how ones choices determine self. Tris is constantly making choices that define who she is, starting with the major one on Choo sing Day and continuing throughout initiation, ending with her decision not to shoot Tobias in the control room in order to stop the simulation. Her identity develops further with every decision, and eventually she learns that she can truly be brave and selfless at the same time. This theme applies to other characters as well Caleb, for instance, chose to switch to Erudite in order to stay true to his own identity, buteventually returns to Abnegation because he decides that Erudites plans were wrong, and he could not be a part of it. Each and every character in the novel makes at least one choice that aids in determining their identity therefore, this theme is extremely significant.